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COVID-19 | Everything you need to know about coronavirus disease 2019.

Abhinash Shah Monday, April 27, 2020

Latest on coronavirus disease outbreak:


Coronaviruses are a family of viruses which will cause illnesses like the cold , severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). In 2019, a replacing coronavirus was identified because the clarification for a disease outbreak that originated in China.
The virus is now referred to as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease it causes is named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In March 2020, the planet Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak an epidemic .
Public health groups, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  and WHO, are observing the pandemic and posting updates on their websites. These groups have also issued recommendations for preventing and treating the illness.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may appear two to 14 days after subjection/exposure. this point after exposure and before having symptoms is named time period or incubation period. Common signs and symptoms can include:
  1. Fever
  2. Cough
  3. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Other symptoms can include:
  1. Tiredness
  2. Aches
  3. Chills
  4. Sore throat
  5. Loss of smell
  6. Loss of taste
  7. Headache
  8. Diarrhea
  9. Severe vomiting
The acuteness of COVID-19 symptoms can scale from very mild to severe. Some people may have only a couple of symptoms, and a few people may haven't any symptoms in the least . people that are older or who have standing/existing chronic medical conditions, like heart condition , lung disease, diabetes, severe obesity, chronic kidney or disease , or who have compromised immune systems could also be at higher risk of great illness. this is often almost like what's seen with other respiratory illnesses, like influenza.
Some people may experience worsened symptoms, like worsened shortness of breath and pneumonia, a few week after symptoms start.

When to ascertain a doctor?

If you've got COVID-19 symptoms or you have been in touch with someone diagnosed with COVID-19, contact your doctor or clinic directly for medical advice. Tell your health care team about your symptoms and possible exposure before you attend your appointment.
If you've got emergency COVID-19 signs and symptoms, seek care immediately. Emergency signs and symptoms can include:
  1.  Trouble breathing
  2.  Persistent pain or pressure
  3. New confusion
  4. Blue lips or face
If you've got sign or symptoms of COVID-19, contact your doctor or clinic for guidance. Let your doctor know if you've got other chronic medical conditions, like heart condition or lung disease. During the pandemic, it is vital to form sure health care is out there for those in greatest need.

Causes

Infection with the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) causes (COVID-19).
The virus becomes visible to spread easily among people, and more continues to be discovered over time about how it spreads. Data has shown that it spreads from person to person among those in contact. The virus rolls outs by respiratory droplets released when someone with the virus coughs, sneezes or talks. These droplets are often inhaled or land within the mouth or nose of an individual nearby.
It also can spread if an individual touches a surface with the virus thereon then touches his or her mouth, nose or eyes.

Risk factors

Risk factors for COVID-19 appear to include:
  1. Recent travel from or residence in a neighborhood with ongoing community spread of COVID-19 as determined by CDC or WHO
  2. Close contact with someone who has COVID-19, , like being within 6 feet, or 2 meters, or being coughed on — which may occur when a loved one or health care worker takes care of an infected person

Complications

Although most of the people with COVID-19 have mild to moderate symptoms, the disease can cause severe medical complications and cause death in some people. Older adults or people with existing chronic medical conditions are at greater risk of becoming Serious with COVID-19.
Complications can include:
  1. Pneumonia in both lungs
  2. Organ failure in several organs
  3. Respiratory failure
  4. Heart problems, like cardiac rhythm problems and a disease of the guts muscle that creates it hard for your heart to pump blood to the body (cardiomyopathy)
  5. Acute kidney injury
  6. Additional viral and bacterial infections

Prevention

Practice everyday prevention
As you touch people, surfaces and objects, you collect germs on your hands. you'll infect yourself with these germs by touching your eyes, nose or mouth.
To protect yourself, wash your hands often with soap and water for a minimum of 20 seconds. If soap and water aren't available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with a minimum of 60-70% alcohol.
Although there's no vaccine available to stop COVID-19, you'll take steps to scale back your risk of infection. WHO and CDC suggest following precautions for avoiding COVID-19:
  1. Avoid large events and mass gatherings.
  2. Avoid close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) with anyone who is has symptoms. 
  3. Stayhome the maximum amount as possible and keep distance between yourself et al. (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) if COVID-19 is spreading in your community, especially if you've got a better risk of great illness. confine mind some people may have COVID-19 and spread it to others, albeit they do not have symptoms or do not know they need COVID-19.
  4. Wash your hands often with soap and water for a minimum of 20 seconds, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains a minimum of 60% alcohol.
  5. Cover your face with a cloth face covering publicly spaces, like the grocery , where it's difficult to avoid close contact with others, especially if you're in a neighborhood with ongoing community spread. Only use nonmedical cloth masks — surgical masks and N95 respirators should be put to one side for health care providers.
  6. Cover your mouth and nose together with your elbow or a tissue once you cough or sneeze. Throw away the used tissue.
  7. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. 
  8. Avoidsharing dishes, glasses, bedding and other home items if you're sick.
  9. Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces daily.
  10. Stay home from work, school and public areas if you're sick, unless you are going to urge medical aid . Avoid taking public transportation if you're sick.
If you have a chronic medical condition and should have a better risk of great illness, ask your doctor about other ways to guard yourself.

Travel

If you're getting to travel, first check the CDC and WHO websites for updates and advice. Also search for any health advisories which will be in situ where you propose to travel. you'll also want to speak together with your doctor if you've got health conditions that cause you to more vulnerable to respiratory infections and complications.
Some useful links 
MoHP Nepal🇳🇵:https://covid19.mohp.gov.np/
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